{"id":6021,"date":"2024-01-07T08:42:17","date_gmt":"2024-01-07T08:42:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icertpublication.com\/?page_id=6021"},"modified":"2024-01-08T17:10:56","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T17:10:56","slug":"a-new-epoch-charting-indias-path-to-global-arbitration-prominence","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/icertpublication.com\/index.php\/edu-mania\/edumania-vol-2-issue-1\/a-new-epoch-charting-indias-path-to-global-arbitration-prominence\/","title":{"rendered":"A New Epoch: Charting India\u2019s Path to Global Arbitration Prominence"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6021\" class=\"elementor elementor-6021\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aa3c79f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aa3c79f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56f6556\" data-id=\"56f6556\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f946d1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f946d1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:13.999999999999998pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#2f5e85;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A New Epoch: Charting India\u2019s Path to Global Arbitration Prominence<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Rudi, Fanuel<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Student, B.A., LLB (Hons) Semester 9, NIILM University Kaithal<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\" id=\"docs-internal-guid-43ac5cdd-7fff-3456-ae8e-7645d166695b\"><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#2f5e85;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Abstract<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The practice of arbitration, in India, traces its origins back to ancient legal systems like the Mitakshara School of Law and further evolved under British colonial enactments, notably the inception of the India Arbitration Act of 1899. This historical continuum has been punctuated by significant developments marked by amendments in 1996, 2015, 2019 and 2021, indicative of India\u2019s unwavering commitment to cultivating a robust arbitration culture.&nbsp; Strengthened by this historical foundation and fortified by British legal influences, India, the world\u2019s fifth-largest economy, harbors the aspiration to firmly establish itself as a global arbitration hub. The development has been gradual and ongoing with various initiatives, reforms and pivotal judicial decisions being implemented. This paper critically scrutinizes India\u2019s potential within the evolving legal landscape, examining its legislative foundation and contemporary ambitions in the global arbitration arena.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-left: -0.05pt;text-indent: -0.05pt;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 0pt 0.05pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Keywords:<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">International Arbitration, Arbitration in India, Legal reforms, Historical Development of Arbitration, Global Arbitration Hub, Evolution of Arbitration Practices.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#2f5e85;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Impact Statement<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Delving into the intricacies of arbitration, where international arbitration serves as a nexus for diverse legal cultures, this research scrutinizes the choices of arbitration seats. In a landscape dominated by prominent jurisdictions like London, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Sweden, India\u2019s robust arbitration framework, economic strength and growing pool of arbitration professionals, demand attention. This study examines whether India can evolve into a beacon of efficient cross-border dispute resolution. It reveals India&#8217;s promising position, poised not just for participation but leadership in global dispute resolution. Despite challenges like procedural delays and anti-corruption measures, India&#8217;s proactive stance positions it to surmount these obstacles. This study envisions India&#8217;s emergence as a preferred destination, offering efficiency, reliability, and innovation in resolving cross-border disputes. Anticipating India&#8217;s ascent, this research foresees a significant contribution to the evolution of the international arbitration landscape.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#2f5e85;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">About Author<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Hailing from Malawi, Fanuel Rudi is a budding legal scholar traversing the ever-shifting sands of international law. As a final year BA LLB student at NIILM University, India, his mind thirsts for unravelling intricate legal landscapes, particularly in the realm of alternative dispute resolution.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Fuelled by an insatiable intellectual curiosity, Fanuel&#8217;s approach transcends mere research and publication. He actively contributes insightful articles to the White Code Legal International Centre of Research and Excellence, fostering critical discourse in the field. His research paper, &#8220;Provisional Measures: Navigating the Complexities of International Arbitration,&#8221; published with <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Amikus Qriae<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">, is a testament to his approach towards nuanced legal issues and analytical prowess.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Fanuel\u2019s passion extends beyond the page as he recently presented his thought-provoking paper, &#8220;A New Epoch: Charting India&#8217;s Path to Global Arbitration Prominence,&#8221; at the ICERT One Day Conference (17\/ 12\/ 2023). This captivating address exemplifies his dedication to contributing to the ongoing conversation in the global arbitration landscape.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">More than just an academic explorer, Fanuel seeks a holistic understanding. He blends critical thinking with honed argumentation, negotiation, and problem-solving skills, enabling him to approach legal challenges from diverse angles, ultimately forging practical and effective solutions.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: justify;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:8pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">As Fanuel stands poised on the precipice of his final year, his journey in international law promises to be one of continuous learning and insightful contributions. His commitment to critical analysis, coupled with his dedication to sharing knowledge and finding practical solutions, makes him a rising star in the field, ready to navigate the intricate pathways of international law with confidence and passion.<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><b style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><br><\/b><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#2f5e85;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">References<\/span><\/p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;text-align: center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\"><\/p><ol style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-inline-start:48px;\"><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Established \u2018<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Sreni\u2019 \u2018Puga\u2019 <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">and <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u2018Kula\u2019<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> as governing institutions for resolving disputes: Attributable to <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Vijnaneshvara: John D. Mayne. A Treatise on Hindu Law &amp; Usage, 5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><span style=\"font-size:0.6em;vertical-align:super;\">th<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> Edition, Page 25&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/newsite\/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=151887\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Valedictory speech by Prime Minister at National Initiative towards Strengthening Arbitration and Enforcement in India (pib.gov.in)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2022\/09\/india-uk-fifth-largest-economy-world\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">India overtakes UK as the world&#8217;s fifth-largest economy | World Economic Forum (weforum.org)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Introduction of the NDIAC Bill 2018| <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com\/2018\/05\/04\/new-delhi-international-arbitration-centre-building-india-global-arbitration-hub\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">New Delhi International Arbitration Centre: Building India into a Global Arbitration Hub &#8211; Kluwer Arbitration Blog<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Black\u2019s Law Dictionary, 8<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><span style=\"font-size:0.6em;vertical-align:super;\">th<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> Edition, p.321<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:11pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Chadha, A., &amp; Chadha, D. (2023). Judicial Approach towards Environmental Sustainability for Youth in India: an analysis. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Shodh Sari-An International Multidisciplinary Journal<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">02<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(04), 162\u2013179. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7632\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#1155cc;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.59231\/sari7632<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:11pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Avtar Singh, Law of Arbitration and Conciliation, 5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"><span style=\"font-size:0.6em;vertical-align:super;\">th<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> Edition, p.12: Meaning of Arbitration (Section 2(1))<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Arbitration may be Ad hoc or Institutional. In the former, the proceedings are subjected to the parties\u2019 agreement, whereas in the latter, the parties are assisted by and rely upon an arbitral institution.<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, 1985, As amended in 2006, Article 35(1)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">at Part II<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/agenda\/2022\/09\/india-uk-fifth-largest-economy-world\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">India overtakes UK as the world&#8217;s fifth-largest economy | World Economic Forum (weforum.org)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Lord Goldsmith KC, \u2018Establishing India as a Leading Hub for International Arbitration\u2019, Delhi Arbitration Weekend, 16 February 2023, New Delhi International Arbitration Centre. Available at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.debevoise.com\/-\/media\/files\/insights\/publications\/2023\/03\/establishing-india-as-a-leading-hub.pdf\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">establishing-india-as-a-leading-hub.pdf (debevoise.com)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ipleaders.in\/evolution-arbitration-india-lack-of-professionalism\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Evolution of arbitration in India and the lack of professionalism &#8211; iPleaders<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/legal\/legal\/article-14152-role-of-alternative-dispute-resolution-in-resolving-family-disputes.html\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Role Of Alternative Dispute Resolution In Resolving Family Disputes (legalserviceindia.com)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Historical Dictionary of Ancient India, 2009, p.303 (Scarecrow Press). Available at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/historicaldictio0000royk\/page\/302\/mode\/2up?q=sreni&amp;view=theater\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Historical dictionary of ancient India : Roy, Kumkum : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">S R, Manjula. (2021). HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF LAW OF ARBITRATION IN INDIA. International Journal of Management and Humanities. 4. 5831-5836. At <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/358284384_HISTORY_AND_DEVELOPMENT_OF_LAW_OF_ARBITRATION_IN_INDIA\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(PDF) HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF LAW OF ARBITRATION IN INDIA (researchgate.net)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Yajnavalkya Smriti discusses the qualifications of arbitrators and the procedures for dispute resolution<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">John D. Mayne, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Op Cit.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.ipleaders.in\/evolution-arbitration-india-lack-of-professionalism\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Evolution of arbitration in India and the lack of professionalism &#8211; iPleaders<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Originates from the Arabic word <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u2018Quadi\u2019<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> which means <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">\u2018Judge,\u2019:<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> \u201cKazi.\u201d Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster:<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\"> <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/dictionary\/kazi\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Kazi Definition &amp; Meaning &#8211; Merriam-Webster<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The East India Company Act 1813, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/leverageedu.com\/discover\/general-knowledge\/charter-act-of-1813\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Charter Act 1813: History and Provisions &#8211; Leverage Edu<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chambers.com\/articles\/evolution-of-arbitration-in-india\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Evolution of Arbitration in India | Article | Chambers and Partners<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Introduced a distinction between an application for setting aside an award under section 30 and one for nullity of an award under section 33<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/chambers.com\/articles\/evolution-of-arbitration-in-india\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Evolution of Arbitration in India | Article | Chambers and Partners<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards (New York Convention 1958)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Constitution of India, Article 50: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lexology.com\/library\/detail.aspx?g=7efac094-322c-4c9c-be94-884965a05f48\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The evolution of arbitration in India &#8211; Lexology<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The India Arbitration Act. 1940, Section 20&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Section 41(b)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">INSC 241; (2002) 4 SCC 105<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(2003) 5 SCC 705<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">(2012) 9 SCC 552<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2015&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Section 9: Interim Measures, etc, by Court<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Section 27: Court Assistance in Taking Evidence<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Section 37: Appealable orders<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Vidya Drolia v. Durga Trading Corporation (2020) SCC OnLine SC 1018<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">United Nations Conventions on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (New York, 10 June 1958)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Prof. Dr Jordi Paniagua, \u201cThe Economic Impact of International Commercial Arbitration\u201d, 3rd Regional International Arbitration Conference Sydney, March 17th, 2021. At <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/events.development.asia\/system\/files\/materials\/2021\/03\/202103-jordi-paniagua-presentation.pdf\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">202103-jordi-paniagua-presentation.pdf (development.asia)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">See Gary B. Born, International Commercial Arbitration Vol. II 1680 \u2013 1686, Wolter\u2019s Kluwer (2009); White &amp; Case et al. 2015 International Arbitration Survey: Improvements and innovations in International Arbitration 14 (2015)<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/globalarbitrationreview.com\/insight\/know-how\/challenging-and-enforcing-arbitration-awards\/report\/singapore\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Challenging and Enforcing Arbitration Awards: Singapore &#8211; Global Arbitration Review<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration, 1985 (With Amendments as adopted in 2006) Article 34: Application for setting aside as exclusive recourse against arbitral award<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Hong Kong Arbitration Ordinance, s. 81<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lexology.com\/library\/detail.aspx?g=114c9ef6-b4bb-4c73-afbe-09fa8f9590ec#:~:text=In%20keeping%20with%20a%20generally,is%20in%20England%20or%20abroad.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">In brief: enforcing and challenging arbitral awards in United Kingdom &#8211; Lexology<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arbitrationblog.kluwerarbitration.com\/2019\/05\/19\/the-revised-swedish-arbitration-act-some-noteworthy-developments\/#:~:text=The%20Previous%20Swedish%20Arbitration%20Act,International%20Commercial%20Arbitration%20of%201985.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">The Revised Swedish Arbitration Act: Some Noteworthy Developments &#8211; Kluwer Arbitration Blog<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dentons.rodyk.com\/en\/insights\/alerts\/2022\/april\/19\/singapore-effective-ecosystems-of-arbitration-key-developments-since-2021-and-what-to-expect-moving#:~:text=Continued%20political%20and%20judicial%20support%20for%20arbitration&amp;text=Years%20of%20arbitration%2Dfriendly%20policymaking,as%20a%20leading%20arbitration%20location.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Dentons Rodyk &#8211; Singapore: Effective ecosystems of arbitration \u2013 Key developments since 2021 and what to expect moving ahead<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.financierworldwide.com\/arbitration-in-singapore#:~:text=First%2C%20it%20has%20a%20very,are%20strongly%20supportive%20of%20arbitration.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Arbitration in Singapore \u2014 Financier Worldwide<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elegislation.gov.hk\/hk\/cap609\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Cap. 609 Arbitration Ordinance (elegislation.gov.hk)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">BGS SGS Soma JV v. NHPC Ltd, 2019 SCC OnlIne SC 1585<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Dholi Spintex Pvt Ltd v. Louis Dreyfus Company India Pvt Ltd CS (COMM) 286\/ 2020<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">PASL Wind Solutions Pvt Ltd v. GE Power Conversion India Pvt Ltd, Civil Appeal No. 1647 of 2021<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">New Delhi International Arbitration Centre (NDIAC) Bill, 2018<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/economy\/maharashtra-government-makes-institutional-arbitration-mandatory-for-contracts-above-rs-5-crore-4604321\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Maharashtra government makes institutional arbitration mandatory for contracts above Rs 5 crore | Business News &#8211; The Indian Express<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkiac.org\/zh-hans\/hk45\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">HK45 | HKIAC<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment Act) 2015<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.com\/international-edition\/2023\/11\/28\/uk-to-reform-arbitration-act-to-maintain-position-as-world-leader-in-international-arbitration\/\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">UK to Reform Arbitration Act to Maintain Position as World Leader in International Arbitration | Law.com International<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/practice-areas\/international-arbitration-laws-and-regulations\/sweden#:~:text=A%20set%20of%20revised%20rules,need%20identified%20among%20arbitration%20users.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">International Arbitration Laws and Regulations | Sweden | GLI (globallegalinsights.com)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/siac.org.sg\/faqs\/siac-general-faqs\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">SIAC General FAQs &#8211; Singapore International Arbitration Centre<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkiac.org\/content\/third-party-funding#:~:text=Third%20party%20funding%20%2D%20the%20answer%20to%20access%20to%20justice%3F&amp;text=Contingency%20and%20conditional%20fee%20arrangements,arbitration%2C%20which%20is%20now%20permitted.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Third party funding | HKIAC<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/viamediationcentre.org\/readnews\/MTIzNw==\/An-Overview-of-Fast-Track-Arbitration-Proceedings-in-India#:~:text=The%20Arbitration%20%26%20Conciliation%20Amendment%20Act,wrapped%20up%20within%20six%20months.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">An Overview of Fast Track Arbitration Proceedings in India | VIA Mediation Centre<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thefridaytimes.com\/07-Jun-2023\/a-tale-of-adaptability-london-s-remarkable-economic-growth-over-two-decades\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">A Tale Of Adaptability: London&#8217;s Remarkable Economic Growth Over Two Decades (thefridaytimes.com)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/silvesterlegal.com\/arbitration-at-the-siac-costs-fees-deposits\/#:~:text=Rule%2034%20%E2%80%93%20Fees%20and%20Deposits,the%20deposit%20in%20equal%20amounts.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Arbitration at The SIAC: Costs, Fees &amp; Deposits &#8211; Silvester Legal<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawsociety.org.uk\/topics\/regulation\/bribery-act-2010#:~:text=law%20firm%20staff.-,What%20is%20the%20issue%3F,the%20public%20or%20private%20sectors.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Bribery Act 2010 | The Law Society<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.transparency.org\/en\/cpi\/2022\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">2022 Corruption Perceptions Index: Explore the\u2026 &#8211; Transparency.org<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Staffan Andersson, <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/umu.diva-portal.org\/smash\/get\/diva2:142008\/FULLTEXT01#:~:text=In%20this%20dissertation%20I%20study,seldom%20studied%20in%20corruption%20research.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Corruption in Sweden (diva-portal.org)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkiac.org\/arbitration\/arbitrators#:~:text=Arbitrator's%20Code%20of%20Ethical%20Conduct&amp;text=HKIAC's%20Code%20of%20Ethical%20Conduct,Arbitrators%20can%20be%20accessed%20here.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Arbitrators | HKIAC<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-right: 6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globallegalinsights.com\/practice-areas\/bribery-and-corruption-laws-and-regulations\/india#:~:text=Most%20importantly%2C%20the%20past%20few,corruption%20cases)%20and%20civil%20society.\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Bribery &amp; Corruption Laws and Regulations | India | GLI (globallegalinsights.com)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Ibid<\/span><\/p><\/li><li dir=\"ltr\" style=\"list-style-type:decimal;font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;\" aria-level=\"1\"><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"line-height:1.7999999999999998;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;\" role=\"presentation\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Lord Goldsmith KC, <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">Op Cit. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.debevoise.com\/-\/media\/files\/insights\/publications\/2023\/03\/establishing-india-as-a-leading-hub.pdf\" style=\"text-decoration:none;\"><span style=\"font-size:12pt;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;color:#0563c1;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:underline;-webkit-text-decoration-skip:none;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;\">establishing-india-as-a-leading-hub.pdf (debevoise.com)<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A New Epoch: Charting India\u2019s Path to Global Arbitration Prominence Rudi, Fanuel Student, B.A., LLB (Hons) Semester 9, NIILM University Kaithal Abstract The practice of arbitration, in India, traces its origins back to ancient legal systems like the Mitakshara School of Law and further evolved under British colonial enactments, notably the inception of the India [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5817,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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