Examining The Role of Soil in Promoting Sustainable Development and Achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Renshu1, Juneja, Poonam2 and Meenakshi3
1,3Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak
2Maitreyi College, Delhi
Abstract
Soil is a critical component of terrestrial ecosystems, playing an invaluable role in supporting plant growth, regulating water and nutrient cycles, filtering pollutants, and providing habitat for soil organisms. However, increasing pressures from human activities, including intensive agriculture, deforestation, urbanization, and climate change are degrading soils across the world. Therefore, sustainable management of soil resources is imperative to ensure continued provisioning of ecosystem services, promote sustainable development outcomes, and help us to achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper reviews literature across multiple disciplines to examine the vital links between soil and realization of the SDGs. Soil properties influence productivity and food security, water availability and quality, climate regulation through carbon storage, biodiversity conservation, and human health. Degraded soils undermine these ecosystem services, exacerbating poverty, hunger, and inequality. Research shows ecosystem-based approaches that prioritize soil health, including conservation agriculture, agroecology, and regenerative systems, can sustainably intensify agriculture while restoring multi-functionality. Additionally, nature-based solutions utilizing plant-soil interactions for restoration have demonstrated cost-effectiveness. Achieving land degradation neutrality is now an explicit target under the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), emphasizing the need to scale soil-focused initiatives within the SDG framework. Therefore, protecting and restoring global soil assets can serve as a nexus in policy frameworks to simultaneously advance progress across multiple SDGs.
Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), Soil, Environment
Impact Statement
This research systematically analyzed relevant studies linking soil health to ecosystem services like climate regulation, water security, food production, biodiversity protection, and human livelihoods and well-being. Soils underpin most SDG targets, yet present degradation trends severely harm terrestrial ecosystems. The evidence suggests that degraded soils reduce production, intensify climate change, and increase poverty and malnutrition in emerging regions. Soil erosion, salinization, and fertility reductions indirectly harm coastal conservation and water supplies. Sustainable soil management methods including conservation agriculture, agroecology, and regenerative farming systems provide many benefits over input-intensive methods, according to research. Sustainable organic matter, biological nutrient cycling, and soil biodiversity enable resilient, climate-smart agriculture for local and global communities.
About Author
Renshu, Research Scholar, Baba Mastnath University Rohtak.
Renshu Deshwal is a dynamic individual embarking on her journey in the field of physics, with a passion for unraveling the mysteries of the universe. Her academic journey began with a science graduation B.Sc. (Hons.) from Panjab university and Master’s degree fueling her curiosity and love for understanding the fundamental laws governing our world. Currently pursuing Ph.D. (Physics) at Baba Mastnath University. Throughout her educational pursuits, she has gained valuable research experience and honed her analytical skills. She is committed to pushing the boundaries of knowledge and contributing to the advancement of science. She relishes the challenges that lie ahead, eager to make a meaningful impact in the realm of physics. As of now, she has attended 1 National and 4 international conferences, seminars and published one paper and Poster.
Dr. Poonam Juneja is an Associate Professor in the Department of Physics at Maitreyi College. She holds excellent and practical knowledge of the subject with 32 plus years’ experience. She has more than 15 publications in National & International journals and has participated and presented papers and posters in more than 70 conferences and seminars. Dr Juneja is a Life Member of Academic Bodies: Indian Association of Physics Teachers (IAPT); Centre for Education Growth and Research (CEGR); Indraprastha Vigyan Bharti (VIBHA), Delhi.
Dr. Meenakshi is now working as Assistant professor (Physics), Department of Sciences, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak. An innovative and Knowledgeable professional having 15 plus years academic experience. Proficient in developing new lessons and activities to expand learning opportunities, Extensive participation on committees and extra-curricular activities, Excellent knowledge of subject and also have great practical knowledge. She has more than 18 publications in National and International journals and attended more than 16 conferences.
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